Summary Guide name
Air Pollution
Comes From Many Sources
Smog hanging over cities is the most familiar and obvious form of air pollution. But there are different kinds of pollution—some visible, some invisible—that contribute to global warming. Generally any substance that people introduce into the atmosphere that has damaging effects on living things and the environment is considered air pollution.
Carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, is the main pollutant that is warming Earth. Though living things emit carbon dioxide when they breathe, carbon dioxide is widely considered to be a pollutant when associated with cars, planes, power plants, and other human activities that involve the burning of fossil fuels such as gasoline and natural gas. In the past 150 years, such activities have pumped enough carbon dioxide into the atmosphere to raise its levels higher than they have been for hundreds of thousands of years.
Other greenhouse gases include methane—which comes from such sources as swamps and gas emitted by livestock—and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which were used in refrigerants and aerosol propellants until they were banned because of their deteriorating effect on Earth's ozone layer.
Another pollutant associated with climate change is sulfur dioxide, a component of smog. Sulfur dioxide and closely related chemicals are known primarily as a cause of acid rain. But they also reflect light when released in the atmosphere, which keeps sunlight out and causes Earth to cool. Volcanic eruptions can spew massive amounts of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere, sometimes causing cooling that lasts for years. In fact, volcanoes used to be the main source of atmospheric sulfur dioxide; today people are.
Industrialized countries have worked to reduce levels of sulfur dioxide, smog, and smoke in order to improve people's health. But a result, not predicted until recently, is that the lower sulfur dioxide levels may actually make global warming worse. Just as sulfur dioxide from volcanoes can cool the planet by blocking sunlight, cutting the amount of the compound in the atmosphere lets more sunlight through, warming the Earth. This effect is exaggerated when elevated levels of other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap the additional heat.
Most people agree that to curb global warming, a variety of measures need to be taken. On a personal level, driving and flying less, recycling, and conservation reduces a person’s "carbon footprint"—the amount of carbon dioxide a person is responsible for putting into the atmosphere.
On a larger scale, governments are taking measures to limit emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. One way is through the Kyoto Protocol, an agreement between countries that they will cut back on carbon dioxide emissions. Another method is to put taxes on carbon emissions or higher taxes on gasoline, so that people and companies will have greater incentives to conserve energy and pollute less.
Structuring the Summary:
In “What is Air Pollution?,” the passage comes from many sources, explains that the pollutant of air pollution that cannot be seen, including Carbon dioxide and other kinds of greenhouses gases, sulfur dioxide. Also talk about the deal of these problem.He supports this claim by Carbon dioxide. This is a necessary part of air but human’s activities, like industry,cars,associated with cars, planes, power plants, is too much. The Carbon dioxide is over the need of nature. Then the global warming had happened and Carbon dioxide become main reason.Furthermore, the methane and CFC are other two main greenhouses gases. The CFC is used for refrigerants and aerosol propellants. Because this gas break Earth's ozone layer too much. Moreover, Sulfur dioxide, a part of smog that is poisonous, also is a main part of air pollution. Before the Industry Century, the Sulfur dioxide all are produced by atmospheric by now the industry produce too much Sulfur dioxide. It can divide the protection of earth and more and more sun shine on the earth. It also causes global warming Finally, people thought a lot of ways to deal air pollution. The Kyoto Protocol give us the results of these ways.We can remove the bad industry and increase the payment of oil.
Drafting the Summary
the passage comes from
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